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What (who) is analogue model - definition
![To analyse something with a typical "black box approach", only the behavior of the stimulus/response will be accounted for, to infer the (unknown) ''box''. The usual representation of this ''black box system'' is a [[data flow diagram]] centered in the box.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blackbox3D-withGraphs.png?width=200 "To analyse something with a typical \"black box approach\", only the behavior of the stimulus/response will be accounted for, to infer the (unknown) ''box''. The usual representation of this ''black box system'' is a [[data flow diagram]] centered in the box.")
![The [[state diagram]] for <math>M</math>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DFAexample.svg?width=200 "The [[state diagram]] for <math>M</math>")
![The simple analogue modelling of the extension tectonics which showing the formation of normal fault and salt dome (diapirism). This model is built in a glass box. The darker greyish layer is silicone which represents salt, and brownish layers are dry quartz sands which represent the brittle sedimentary rocks.<ref name=":9" /> [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4atbjy4AgQg&t=44s]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Analogue Model of extension tectonics, forming of Normal Fault and Diapirs (salt dome) (update).gif?width=200 "The simple analogue modelling of the extension tectonics which showing the formation of normal fault and salt dome (diapirism). This model is built in a glass box. The darker greyish layer is silicone which represents salt, and brownish layers are dry quartz sands which represent the brittle sedimentary rocks.<ref name=\":9\" /> [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4atbjy4AgQg&t=44s]")
.gif?width=200 "bibcode=1999JSG....21..413R}}</ref>")
![Simple analogue modelling of the growth and erosion of an [[orogenic]] wedge. This simulation is done in a glass tank, with layered different granular materials that represent the crust. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J750DoyVRfw]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Analogue Modelling of the Growth and erosion of an orogenic wedge (update).gif?width=200 "Simple analogue modelling of the growth and erosion of an [[orogenic]] wedge. This simulation is done in a glass tank, with layered different granular materials that represent the crust. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J750DoyVRfw]")
.png?width=200 "The simplified analogue modelling setting of shear deformation. This model is built on two separate horizontal plates. The brownish layers are dry sand, wet clay, and viscous materials, such as silicone or polydimethylsiloxane.<ref name=\":6\" />")
![James Hall]] to model geological folding. This machine is still present in the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]. The materials squeezed in the box are blankets or layers of clay.<ref name=":1" />](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/First Analogue Modelling of Folding by Sir James Hall in 1815 (update).gif?width=200 "James Hall]] to model geological folding. This machine is still present in the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]. The materials squeezed in the box are blankets or layers of clay.<ref name=\":1\" />")
Wikipedia
A structural analog (analogue in modern traditional English; Commonwealth English), also known as a chemical analog or simply an analog, is a compound having a structure similar to that of another compound, but differing from it in respect to a certain component.
It can differ in one or more atoms, functional groups, or substructures, which are replaced with other atoms, groups, or substructures. A structural analog can be imagined to be formed, at least theoretically, from the other compound. Structural analogs are often isoelectronic.
Despite a high chemical similarity, structural analogs are not necessarily functional analogs and can have very different physical, chemical, biochemical, or pharmacological properties.
In drug discovery, either a large series of structural analogs of an initial lead compound are created and tested as part of a structure–activity relationship study or a database is screened for structural analogs of a lead compound.
Chemical analogues of illegal drugs are developed and sold in order to circumvent laws. Such substances are often called designer drugs. Because of this, the United States passed the Federal Analogue Act in 1986. This bill banned the production of any chemical analogue of a Schedule I or Schedule II substance that has substantially similar pharmacological effects, with the intent of human consumption.
